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मित्तेश्वरनाथ शिव मंदिर एक हिंदू मंदिर है, जो हिंदू धर्म "शिव" को समर्पित है।

यह मंदिर चूनाभट्टी में मिट्ठू मंदिर चौक के पास, दरभंगा जिला, बिहार, भारत में स्थित है।

मंदिर की आधारशिला की तुलना में मंदिर 20 वीं शताब्दी में बनाया गया था, और मार्च 1949 में "मिथु मिस्त्री ठाकुर" द्वारा स्थापित किया गया था। मंदिर का नाम मूल रूप से "मिथु मिस्त्री ठाकुर" द्वारा दर्शाया गया है। 19 अक्टूबर 1972 को मिट्ठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर की मृत्यु के बाद, इस मंदिर का रखरखाव मिट्ठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर के पुत्र (विस) द्वारा किया जाता है। अब, इस मंदिर का रखरखाव और रखरखाव "मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर" वंश द्वारा किया जाता है। मंदिरों में प्रति दिन औसतन कई आगंतुक आते हैं, आमतौर पर स्थानीय लोग, लेकिन महाशिवरात्रि, श्रावण, नाग पंचमी, कार्तिक पूर्णिमा जैसे त्योहारों के दौरान, कार्यस्थल पर आगंतुकों की संख्या और भगवान शिव की पूजा और पूजा करने वालों की संख्या अधिक होती है।



इतिहास और किंवदंती
यह मंदिर अपनी स्थापना की तारीख से लगभग 71 वर्ष पुराना है। इस मंदिर की आधारशिला के अनुसार, मंदिर का निर्माण और स्थापना "मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर" द्वारा की गई है। इस मंदिर के बीच में एक पौराणिक कथा छिपी है। "मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर" के पोते "जेएम ठाकुर" द्वारा बताई गई कथा के अनुसार एक दिन एक ऋषि मिष्टू ठाकुर के घर आए। मिठू ठाकुर ने ऋषि से पूछा, "क्या चाहिए बाबा?" , ऋषि ने कहा, "मुझे बहुत भूख लगी है, मुझे कुछ खाने को दो"। मिठू ठाकुर ने कहा, "ठीक है, तुम यहाँ बैठो और मैं तुम्हारे लिए खाने के लिए कुछ लाऊंगा"। उस ऋषि के लिए भोजन की व्यवस्था करने के लिए मिठू ठाकुर घर में आया, यह आम का मौसम था, इसलिए मिठू ठाकुर एक थाली में "दही", "चपटा चावल" और "आम" ले आए। जब मिठू ठाकुर भोजन लेने आया तो ऋषि ने मिठू ठाकुर से कहा, "देखो, तुम उस "काले पत्थर" को रोज जल चढ़ाते हो, तुम एक काम करो, वहाँ कोने में एक शिव मंदिर बनाओ। मिठू ठाकुर ने कहा, "ठीक है! ठीक है! तुम पहले खाना खाओ" और आंगन में आने लगे। मिठू ठाकुर ने जब आंगन में जाना शुरू किया, तो उन्होंने पीछे मुड़कर देखा, और ऋषि उनका पीछा नहीं कर रहे थे।


मिठू ठाकुर को लगा कि शायद ऋषि बाहर होंगे। वह बाहर देखने गए तो ऋषि भी नॉट आउट थे। मिठू ठाकुर सोचने लगी कि इस खाने का क्या करें। मिट्ठू ठाकुर ने सोचा कि वह भगवान शिव होंगे और उन्होंने ऋषि से कहा कि मंदिर निर्माण के लिए भोजन को थाली के नीचे जमीन के नीचे गाड़ दें। इसी कारण मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर ने इस शिव मंदिर का निर्माण करवाया और इस मंदिर का नाम "मिथेश्वरनाथ शिव मंदिर" रखा।

वास्तुकला
हिंदू मंदिर संरचना की तुलना में इस मंदिर की स्थापत्य शैली मंडप है। इस मंदिर की वास्तुकला एक ब्रिटिश वास्तुकार द्वारा बनाई गई थी। "गूगल अर्थ" के अनुसार मंदिर का क्षेत्रफल 0.03 एकड़ या 7.17 धुर है। इस मंदिर की ऊंचाई करीब 25-30 फीट है। मंदिर में 12 स्तंभ हैं, और मंदिर के प्रांगण को 2016 में मिट्ठू ठाकुर वंश द्वारा पुनर्निर्मित किया गया है। मंदिर के अंदर "शिवलिंग", "नंदी प्रतिमा" और "गणेश की मूर्तियाँ उनकी माता पार्वती के साथ" हैं। मंदिर के बाहर एक "तुलसी स्क्वायर" है।

मिथेश्वरनाथ शिव मंदिर के सामने दो मकबरे भी हैं, एक ऊंचाई में "मिथू मिस्त्री ठाकुर मकबरा" और दूसरा जो ऊंचाई में छोटा है "गंगेश्वरी देवी मकबरा" (मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर की पत्नी)। गंगेश्वरी देवी मकबरे का निर्माण पहले किया गया था और फिर 19 अक्टूबर 1982 को मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर की मृत्यु के बाद, उनके पुत्र द्वारा "मिथू मिस्त्री ठाकुर मकबरा" बनाया और स्थापित किया गया था। अब, "मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर" कुल यहाँ प्रतिदिन प्रार्थना के लिए आते हैं और इस मकबरे की पूजा करते हैं। इस मकबरे की अहाते की दीवार 2018 में "मिठू मिस्त्री ठाकुर" राजवंश द्वारा बनाई गई है।

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Churches in India: A 2,000-Year Story That Started Before Most of Europe Converted

Description: Discover the history of churches in India—from St. Thomas in 52 AD to colonial cathedrals to modern congregations. Explore how Christianity arrived, evolved, and diversified across India.


Let me tell you about the moment I realized Christianity in India is older than Christianity in most of Europe.

I was visiting a Syrian Christian church in Kerala. The guide casually mentioned, "This tradition dates to 52 AD when St. Thomas arrived." I did the mental math. That's twenty years after Jesus's death. Before Paul wrote most of his letters. Before the Gospels were written down. Before Peter reached Rome.

Christianity came to India during the lifetime of people who knew Jesus personally, and has existed continuously in Kerala for nearly two millennia—predating the conversion of England, Germany, France, and most of Europe by centuries.

The history of Christianity in India isn't a colonial import story, though colonialism drastically shaped it later. It's a complex 2,000-year narrative involving ancient trade routes, indigenous traditions, Portuguese Inquisitions, British missionaries, Syrian rites, Latin masses, and distinctly Indian expressions of faith that would be unrecognizable to many Western Christians.

Churches in India history includes ancient communities that maintained their traditions for centuries before Europeans arrived, colonial-era conversions (willing and coerced), architectural marvels built by Portuguese and British, and the development of uniquely Indian Christian identities that blend ancient liturgies with local cultures.

Indian Christian heritage is far more diverse than most people realize—Syrian Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Protestant denominations, Pentecostal movements, Anglo-Indian congregations, tribal Christian communities, and Dalit liberation theology all coexisting in a predominantly Hindu nation where Christians comprise roughly 2.3% of the population.

So let me walk you through Christianity's arrival in India, how it evolved through different periods, the major churches and denominations that exist today, and what makes Indian Christianity distinct from Christianity elsewhere.

Because this story started two thousand years ago.

And it's still being written.

The Ancient Beginning: St. Thomas and the First Christians (52 AD)

Early Christianity in India:

The Legend (That Might Be History)

St. Thomas the Apostle: According to tradition, arrived on the Malabar Coast (Kerala) in 52 AD.

The story: Thomas, one of Jesus's twelve disciples (famous for doubting the resurrection), traveled to India following ancient trade routes connecting the Roman Empire to India's spice coast.

Where he went: Landed at Kodungallur (ancient Muziris), preached in Kerala, established seven churches, then traveled to Tamil Nadu (Mylapore, now Chennai).

His death: Martyred in 72 AD near Chennai. St. Thomas Mount and San Thome Basilica mark the sites associated with his ministry and death.

Historical Evidence

Trade routes existed: Roman-Indian trade was extensive in first century. Finding Roman coins and pottery in Kerala confirms this.

Early Christian presence: Historical records from third and fourth centuries reference Indian Christian communities.

Thomas Christians (Nasrani): Ancient community in Kerala that traces its origins to St. Thomas. Maintained distinct identity for centuries.

Syrian connection: Early Indian Christians followed East Syriac liturgy and maintained ties with Church of the East in Persia/Mesopotamia.

Skepticism exists: Some historians question whether Thomas specifically came to India, but evidence of very early Christian presence is solid.

The Seven Churches

Tradition claims Thomas founded seven churches (Ezharappallikal) in Kerala:

  • Kodungallur (Cranganore)
  • Kollam (Quilon)
  • Niranam
  • Nilackal
  • Kokkamangalam
  • Kottakkayal
  • Palayoor

These communities: Maintained their faith for centuries with minimal outside contact, developing unique traditions.

The Middle Period: Syrian Christians and Indigenous Development (300-1500 AD)

Pre-colonial Christianity in India:

Syrian Christian Community

Cultural integration: Christians adopted Indian social structures (caste, dress, customs) while maintaining Christian faith.

High status: Many were high-caste Hindu converts or Jewish traders who became Christian. Maintained social prestige.

Trade networks: Connected to Persian and Middle Eastern Christian communities through maritime trade.

Language: Syriac liturgy, Malayalam vernacular. Scriptures and prayers in Syriac.

Bishops from Persia: Church of the East sent bishops to oversee Indian Christians, maintaining connection to broader Christian world.

The Thomas of Cana Migration (345 AD)

Traditional account: Thomas of Cana (Knai Thoma), a Syrian merchant-bishop, arrived with 72 Christian families from Mesopotamia.

Impact: Strengthened Syrian Christian community, brought clergy and Christian texts.

Northist and Southist division: Created social division in community (Northists - newer arrivals, Southists - older community).

Relative Isolation

Limited European contact: Until Portuguese arrival in 1498, Indian Christians had minimal contact with Western Christianity.

Developed unique practices: Blend of Syriac liturgy, Indian cultural practices, and local traditions.

No Inquisition or persecution: Hindu rulers generally tolerant. Christians existed peacefully as one of many communities.

Distinct identity: By the time Portuguese arrived, these Christians had been Christian longer than most European nations.

The Portuguese Period: Conflict and Conversion (1498-1663)

Colonial Christianity begins:

Vasco da Gama's Arrival (1498)

Portuguese land in Calicut: Seeking spices and Christians (to ally against Muslims).

Encounter Syrian Christians: Shocked to find ancient Christian community that doesn't recognize Pope or follow Roman rites.

Initial cooperation: Portuguese and Syrian Christians initially allied.

The Goa Inquisition (1560-1812)

Portuguese impose authority: Demanded Syrian Christians submit to Rome and adopt Latin rites.

Synod of Diamper (1599): Infamous council where Portuguese forced Syrian Christians to:

  • Accept Papal authority
  • Abandon East Syriac liturgy for Latin
  • Burn Syriac texts deemed "heretical"
  • Accept Portuguese bishops

Resistance: Many Syrian Christians resisted. Led to schisms and divisions lasting centuries.

Coonan Cross Oath (1653): Thousands of Syrian Christians swore never to submit to Portuguese again, splitting community.

Result: Division between Catholic Syrian Christians (accepted Roman authority) and Independent Syrian Christians (rejected it).

Portuguese Church Building

Goa: Center of Portuguese Christianity. Old Goa filled with baroque churches.

Basilica of Bom Jesus: Houses St. Francis Xavier's body. UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Se Cathedral: One of Asia's largest churches.

Architecture: Baroque, Gothic, Portuguese styles. Ornate, grand, European-influenced.

Conversion efforts: Some voluntary, some coerced. Goa Inquisition persecuted Hindus, Muslims, and non-Catholic Christians.

Bodh Meditation Path A Guide to Inner Peace and Religious Growth

Introduction:A deep tradition of meditation practices exists within the peaceful realms of Bodh philosophy that guide the seeker on a transformational path towards peacefulness inside and spiritual illumination. The techniques are founded upon the past knowledge and unchanging reality, so they serve as powerful means for maintaining peace in one’s mind, developing correct thinking and achieving spiritually. In this article we will discuss various types of Bodh meditation going into details about their principles, methods and practical uses to those who seek to self-realize.

Understanding Bodh Meditation:

  • Health of Bodh Meditation: Foundation principles including mindfulness, awareness, non-attachment et al.
  • Philosophy behind Bodh Meditation: Through Bodh scriptures and teachings examine the philosophical basis for understanding this kind of meditative practice.
  • Advantages of practicing Bodh Meditation: This section examines how engaging in physical exercises such as yoga can help improve our overall health by reducing stress levels, balancing emotions, and promoting mental clarity.

Dare Meher, Sacred Fire and Parsi Heritage Guardians

One of the world’s tiniest but most animated religious minorities is the Parsi community, who are devoted to a religion called Zoroastrianism. Originating from Persia (modern-day Iran), Parsis have a rich history and cultural heritage. Among their religious practices is Dare Meher or Fire Temple, a place of worship with significant importance in it. This essay provides an insight into the history, architecture, religious significance, and issues around the preservation of Dare Meher highlighting attempts to uphold this vital part of Parsi heritage.

Historical Background of Zoroastrianism and the Parsi:

Origins and Migration:Zoroastrianism is one of the oldest monotheistic religions on earth founded by the prophet Zoroaster (or Zarathustra) over 3000 years ago in ancient Persia. Before being persecuted during the Islamic conquest in the 7th century, this religion thrived in Persia. Fleeing persecution, some Zoroastrians migrated to India around the eighth century where they were referred to as Parsis which means “Persian”.

Indian Establishment: The Parsi settled primarily in Gujarat and later in Mumbai (then called Bombay) when they arrived in India. Upon their arrival, indigenous rulers offered them refuge on the condition that they adapt themselves to local customs while holding onto their religious practices. They have made substantial contributions to Indian culture, society as well as economy for centuries and at the same time maintained a separate religious identity.

Importance of Dare Meher in Zoroastrian Worship

Role of Fire in Zoroastrianism: For instance, fire represents purity, veracity, and the presence of Ahura Mazda, who is also the most superior power among all other deities. It’s believed that it’s sacred and an indispensable part of all religious rites. The fires are kept perpetually burning in Fire Temples with much reverence being paid to them through prayers and rituals conducted before them.

Different Kinds of Fire Temples:In Zoroastrian worship, there are three grades of fire housed within different types of Fire Temples:

  • Atash Dadgah: this is the simplest form where any Parsi can look after it
  •  Atash Adaran: This takes a Zoroastrian priest for it to be placed at this grade. 
  • Atash Behram: this is the highest rank which requires elaborate rituals maintained by high priests. There are only nine Atash Behrams throughout the world; eight exist in India while one exists still exists in Iran.

Navroz: A Parsi New Year's Celebration of Accepting New Beginnings

Meaning in Culture: Navroz, which translates to "New Day," has its origins in antiquated Zoroastrian customs. It represents the arrival of prosperity and progress as well as the victory of light over darkness. Navroz, which falls on the vernal equinox, is widely observed by Zoroastrians, especially those of the Parsi community in India.

वारंगल के हजार स्तंभ मंदिर के दर्शन की जानकारी

हजार स्तंभ मंदिर या रुद्रेश्वर स्वामी मंदिर  भारत के तेलंगाना राज्य के हनमाकोंडा शहर में स्थित एक ऐतिहासिक हिंदू मंदिर है। यह भगवान शिव, विष्णु और सूर्य को समर्पित है। वारंगल किला, काकतीय कला थोरानम और रामप्पा मंदिर के साथ हजार स्तंभ मंदिर को यूनेस्को द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त विश्व धरोहर स्थलों की अस्थायी सूची में जोड़ा गया है।