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कोणार्क में स्थापित सूर्य मंदिर' जिसे ब्लैक पैगोडा के नाम से भी जाना जाता है।

जानिए 'ब्लैक पैगोडा' के बारे में कुछ रोचक तथ्य। 

 

ब्लैक पैगोडा भारत में पुरी (ओडिशा राज्य) के पास स्थित सूर्य देवता को समर्पित एक मंदिर है। यह ओडिशा की मध्ययुगीन वास्तुकला का एक अनूठा नमूना है और भारत में एक प्रसिद्ध ब्राह्मण तीर्थ है। . यूनेस्को ने वर्ष 1984 में इसे 'विश्व विरासत स्थल' का दर्जा दिया था। 'कोणार्क' शब्द 'कोना' और 'अर्का' शब्दों के मेल से बना है, 'अर्का' का अर्थ 'सूर्य' और 'कोना' हो सकता है। मतलब कोने या किनारे। सूर्य मंदिर 13 वीं शताब्दी में ओडिशा के वर्तमान राज्य में कोणार्क नामक स्थान पर बनाया गया था।

 

इसलिए इसे 'कोणार्क का सूर्य मंदिर' भी कहा जाता है, ऐसा माना जाता है कि इस मंदिर का निर्माण पूर्वी गंगा राजवंश के राजा नरसिंहदेव प्रथम द्वारा किया गया था। 1250. ईस्वी सन् में बने इस मंदिर के तीन भाग हैं- नृत्य मंदिर, जगमोहन और गर्भगृह। यह सूर्य देव के रथ के आकार में बनी एक भव्य इमारत है। इसके 24 पहियों को प्रतीकात्मक डिजाइनों से सजाया गया है, जिन्हें सात घोड़ों द्वारा खींचा जाता है। कोणार्क सूर्य मंदिर के दोनों ओर 12 पहियों की दो पंक्तियाँ हैं।

 

कुछ लोगों का मत है कि 24 पहिये दिन के 24 घंटों का प्रतीक हैं, जबकि अन्य का कहना है कि 12-12 घोड़ों की दो पंक्तियाँ वर्ष के 12 महीनों का प्रतिनिधित्व करती हैं। यहां स्थित सात घोड़े सप्ताह के सात दिनों का प्रतिनिधित्व करते हैं, स्थानीय किंवदंतियों के अनुसार, राजा नरसिंहदेव प्रथम ने इस मंदिर के निर्माण कार्य को बिसु महाराणा नामक एक वास्तुकार को सौंपा था। कोणार्क का सूर्य मंदिर न केवल अपनी स्थापत्य भव्यता के लिए जाना जाता है, बल्कि यह शिल्प कौशल के अंतर्संबंध और सूक्ष्मता के लिए भी प्रसिद्ध है।

 

सूर्य मंदिर मूल रूप से चंद्रभागा नदी के मुहाने पर बनाया गया था, जो अब समाप्त हो गया है। मुख्य मंदिर के पश्चिम में मंदिर संख्या-2 के खंडहर हैं, जिन्हें 'मायादेवी का मंदिर' के नाम से जाना जाता है। ऐसा माना जाता है कि 'मायादेवी' भगवान सूर्य की पत्नियों में से एक थी। इस मंदिर का निर्माण खोंडालाइट चट्टानों से किया गया है, इस मंदिर के द्वार के दोनों ओर स्थित दो विशाल मूर्तियों में एक शेर हाथी को पकड़े हुए है।

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